PROT 411: Substation Equipment Protection

PROT 411 provides an in-depth study of the principles and schemes for protecting high-voltage power transformers, buses, shunt capacitor banks, and shunt reactors. The course also provides an overview of power system faults and describes instrument transformers, breaker failure protection schemes, and substation protection, control, and monitoring systems.

Audience

This course is intended for engineers who need a comprehensive understanding of the design concepts and methods used in protecting high-voltage electrical substations.

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Agenda

Day 1

• Power System Faults
• Class Exercise: Three-Winding Autotransformer Impedance Calculation
• Class Exercise: Autotransformer High-Voltage Side Single-Phase-to-Ground Fault Calculation
• Relaying Fundamentals

Day 2

• Instrument Transformers
• Transformer Protection – Part 1
• Transformer Protection – Part 2
• Class Exercise: Transformer Differential Protection
• Class Exercise: Autotransformer Ampere-Turn Balance Principle Verification

Day 3

• Transformer Protection – Part 3
• Class Exercise: Transformer Overcurrent Protection
• Bus Protection
• Class Exercise: Bus Protection
• Shunt Capacitor Bank Protection

Day 4

• Class Exercise: Capacitor Bank Unbalance Protection Settings Calculation
• Shunt Reactor Protection
• Breaker Failure Protection
• Substation Protection, Control, and Monitoring System Design

Note: This course teaches fundamental knowledge but does not provide hands-on experience with SEL relays.

Course Objectives

At the conclusion of this course, students can:

• Specify current transformers for protective relay applications.
• Describe transformer protection problems and identify solutions using digital relays.
• Describe bus protection problems and identify solutions using digital relays.
• Calculate relay settings for transformer and bus protection relays.
• Describe shunt capacitor bank protection problems and identify solutions using digital relays.
• Describe shunt reactor protection problems and identify solutions using digital relays.
• Describe breaker failure protection problems and identify solutions using digital relays.
• Describe substation protection, control, and monitoring systems.

Student Background and Knowledge

A degree in electrical engineering or equivalent experience is recommended. In addition, we recommend that you complete PROT 401: Protecting Power Systems for Engineers OR have the following:

• Familiarity with wye and delta transformer connections.
• A basic knowledge of protective relay design, symmetrical components, fault analysis, and power system protection.
• A working knowledge of trigonometry, basic calculus, complex numbers, and phasor concepts.

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